Between 1965 and 1969 MTMS in conjunction with the Military Sealift Command transported over 22 million short tons of dry cargo and over 14 million short tons of bulk petroleum to Vietnam. Two attacks, carried out by Junkers Ju. AMC sponsored a viable solution to reducing this excess N.E.W. From the shore it was moved by truck. When North Vietnam launched its major conventional onslaught against South Vietnam in March and April of 1975, the Navy called on MSC to evacuate friendly Vietnamese troops and civilians from the northern and central regions of the country. to transport the 434 aircraft and other equipment. and tankers supplying Vietnam, with an average of 75 ships and over 3,000 An example of data being processed may be a unique identifier stored in a cookie. A very interesting means of cross decking ammunition, the Con Replenishment also presented a couple noted challenges and observations as well. %PDF-1.7 % Their primary task is replenishment of ammunition at sea, since most warships were fully loaded with munitions prior to initially leaving port. MV Carter was scheduled for cargo and concurrent ship maintenance cycle during the fall of 2003 (download in September and upload in December). In 1965, US Coast Guard customers to serve: the Army, Air Force, Navy and Marine Corps. "The After the Great War, ammunition was stored stateside, near the heavy populated communities in the east. The rapid development of deepwater ports in Vietnam brought an expanded need of navigational aids for preventing vessel accidents. Initially, most waterborne cargo arriving in South Vietnam was received at the Saigon Port, the only port with deep draft piers except for a small two-berth pier at Cam Ranh Bay which had been constructed in 1964 under the Military Assistance Program. In 2006, the U.S. Navy began replacing the older ammunition ships (T-AE) and combat stores ships (T-AFS) with dry cargo/ammunition ships (T-AKE). Manage Settings Ammunition is considered to be a "stovepipe" commodity in that it is requisitioned and reported on through a single channel. USNS Core in Saigon, whose sister ship, USNS Card, was sunk This change in the makeup of the merchant fleet also gave the Command cause for concern. Repeated efforts to get South Vietnam to clear the piers were unsuccessful. You may not use more than This list may not reflect recent changes. Ammunition Ship. Most of the dead were children. Da Nang harbor was the home those named on the Vietnam Memorial, "The Wall." window.ezoSTPixelAdd(slotId, 'adsensetype', 1); At 10:18 p.m., a hollow ring and the sound of splintering wood erupted from the pier, followed by an explosion that ripped apart the night sky. The munitions themselves would be redesigned for safety while loading.if(typeof ez_ad_units != 'undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'globalsecurity_org-banner-1','ezslot_7',135,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-globalsecurity_org-banner-1-0'); The Coast Guard kept accidents in ammunition handling to a minimum during the war. An Ammunition Ship (AE) is a ship designed or fitted out to deliver ammunition and missiles to the fleet while at sea. Yu Chu: 09051524: 108k: hb```S@(87:L8 {Sq#j/l+E]vPi`4b;*+V-_5jnQL(+td88$s|fn!mn=?$+P"ur8v~i[@lt$Pv ::v0)n= The Kilauea class ammunition ship is a class of eight United States Navy cargo vessels designed for underway replenishment of naval warships. cost of $570 million. U.S. Explorer 2-18-68 var pid = 'ca-pub-1080079977389268'; The ammunition ship was assigned to the western Pacific from there, arriving Leyte in mid-October 1945. Air Force. (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); USGI US Military 1956 Vietnam War Era Case Small Arms Ammunition Pouch 1962 62-G. $37.95. combat zones under fire. A German air raid on Bari, Italy, in December 1944, also caused an ammunition ship to explode, sinking and damaging almost two dozen other vessels in the harbor. Thousands of rounds of various munitions either exploded or were dispersed over the area. Haas had served on the ammunition ship USS Mount Katmai off the coast of Vietnam during August 1967-April 1969. . Merchant Marine served When the buildup began, the port continued to operate in this fashion. Headquarters Support Activity Saigon never knew from day to day how many berths or which berths would be made available to them for the unloading of U.S. cargo. In the pre-buildup stage, most cargo destined for Vietnam was shipped directly from Continental US depots and vendors to west coast military sea or aerial ports. During the Vietnam War, USS Pyro supported the Seventh Fleet in combatant missions. By December 31, 1970, the number of time charter ships had been further reduced to 63. W. I. Causey in command.. Kilauea's dangerous, difficult, and vital service during World War II was to carry ammunition to ships . Unfortunately, after the collision, a fire started, and the crewmen tried to put it out rather than scuttle the ship. On 26 December 1969 the Vietnam-bound ammunition ship SS Badger State, carrying 8,900 bombs and rockets equal to 2,000 tons of TNT, was rocked by explosions and abandoned by her crew in rough seas 1,500 miles northeast of Hawaii. The quantity of ammunition moved to Vietnam averaged slightly under 40,000 short tons per month in 1966, approximately 75,000 short tons per month in 1967, and just under 90,000 short tons per month in 1968. As with the helicopters, the chance of munitions falling into the ocean existed as the cable rigs slid across to the other ship over open water. In addition to providing aircraft ordnance for airstrikes against North Vietnam, the ship also provided ammunition for ships engaged in support and interdiction shore fire missions along the entire Vietnamese coast. The explosion also killed the entire 57-member Army stevedore unit working on the ship. This list may not reflect recent changes . ammunition support provided to the combat elements in Vietnam was the result of intensive management at Department of Defense, Department of the Army, and Theater level, and the dedicated efforts of men in ammunition units in the ammunition depots and supply points in Vietnam. var ffid = 1; in 1964 by a mine placed by skin divers], Maps and Saigon Pilot's Guide http://grambo.us/atav/pilot.htm. A Ship is placed on this list when documentary evidence shows that it fits into a particular . roll-on/roll-off ships and container ships which speeded loading and unloading. The T-AKE class is projected to operate at a yearly savings of $153.3M and a 53% reduction in manning requirements. MSC, under the Department of the Navy, was responsible for providing ships to move cargo. In Operation Passage to Freedom, which lasted from August 1954 to May 1955, 39 MSTS transports carried many of the 293,000 Vietnamese who emigrated by sea from North to South Vietnam. SS Badger State was a US Maritime Commission C-2, launched in February 1944 as the transport USS Starlight (AP 175). Many of the ships offered were available because of a strike on the east coast of the United States which prevented these ships from being used for shipment of commercial November 1965, the Command asked the industry to extend the charters on the ships initially offered and to make more ships available to meet the escalating cargo requirements. In July 1965, Maritime, at the request of the Navy's Military Sea Transportation Service (MSTS), began to withdraw vessels from NDRF and activate them for use only in support of military activities in Southeast Asia. By 1967 as troops rotated to Vietnam in small groups or individually, fewer soldiers went by surface; most were airlifted to the theater. In October 1966 the converted Liberty ship SS Benjamin Chew and It was this disaster that stirred American leaders to empower the Coast Guard to ensure that this never happened in the United States. must be reduced per ship to < 8.0 million pounds N.E.W.. At the request of the Commanding General 1st Logistical Command this practice was halted and all ammunition shipped to Vietnam was palletized. Korea, merchant mariners in Vietnam were subject to the Uniform Code of The cataclysmic ammunition explosion killed 163 and injured 396. if(typeof ez_ad_units != 'undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,600],'globalsecurity_org-medrectangle-4','ezslot_1',127,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-globalsecurity_org-medrectangle-4-0'); The following 44 pages are in this category, out of 44 total. The first Pyro (AE-1), an ammunition ship, was laid down 9 August 1918 at the Navv Yard, Puget Sound, Wash.; launched 16 December 1919; as "Ammunition Ship #1". She reached Yorktown, Va., 13 June for supply duty along the east coast from Gravesend Bay to Norfolk into September 1957. Coordination of military cargo unloading and port clearance was handled by the Navy's Headquarters Support Activity Saigon. After the explosion, the Navy would institute a number of changes in munitions handling procedure. With its large payload capacity, physical security, and almost zero damage to ammo while ammo movement is being conducted, it is the choice for cross decking ammunition. an Army aviation-maintenance battalion, was positioned as necessary along In addition to avoiding civilian infrastructure within that arc, another major impact is proximity to commercial shipping lanes. Additionally, each explosive material is assigned a letter designation according to its compatibility with other explosives and materials and its relative sensitivity to sources of ignition. Naval warships were resupplied from ammunition ships which all hoped were more discreetly located. Free shipping for many products! ***Our website URL has changed. The resolution of these difficulties was relatively easy when compared to those faced in Vietnam. of Vietnam, MSTS evacuated Vietnamese refugees from North to South Vietnam. [Your webmistress arrived in the United States in 1949 USS Mindanao had 180 crewmen killed and injured by this explosion. Service was established in 1949 to provide sea transportation to the military Congress immediately passed the Espionage Act, which outlawed a variety of crimes associated with German agents. on ships that brought supplies to Vietnam during "The War Without The MSTS had four separate Most of the buildings were virtually knocked to the ground. She was then ordered to proceed to Hawaii via the Panama Canal. In December 1964 Mount Katmai commenced an extensive overhaul period, including installation of increased communications capabilities and a helicopter deck for vertical replenishment. supplies, and more. MV Page was scheduled for early CY 2004 (download in February and upload in April/May 2004). of the Marine Amphibious Force Logistic Command which handled the USS Firedrake (AE-14) during an underway replenishment with USS Kitty Hawk off the coast of Vietnam circa 1963. in the 7.2 million pound total, further emphasizing the need to reduce Army N.E.W. Only two men of the 198 Coast Guardsmen aboard survived. We would appreciate Miller 1967, in an average of 23 days. While In order to position these ships at the desired locations with the ARFs, the N.E.W. Launched, 3 May 1956 Commissioned, USS Mauna Kea (AE-22), 30 March 1957, CAPT. There were sixteen rail cars on the pier with another 429 tons. Of all the problems arising from the GAA program -- that is, repairs & procurement of supplies, cargo operations, and crewing --the problem of crew shortages was considered by Maritime as the most serious and troublesome. 07-07-2011 12:37:45 ZULU. Crew, Donald I. and Boucek, Robert J. For example, one ship waited 10 days in Okinawa at an estimated cost of $70,000 to discharge 25 tons of cargo. The need to relocate the ammunition stored in the east became apparent after several mishaps. The Navy's sealift effort ensured that the half-million-strong US contingent in South Vietnam was well supplied and armed to fight the determined Communist foe. By the beginning of the twentieth century, Black Tom was serving as a major munitions depot. During the 3-year period ended December 31, 1968, 592 of 1,405 scheduled GAA vessel sailings were delayed as a result of crew shortages. This allow for a swift transition from magazine to carrier. Men and equipment aboard these ships is in excess of 13 million pounds. comcast.net, Capture and Release NEW may be expressed in pounds or tons. ins.style.minWidth = container.attributes.ezaw.value + 'px'; If the body of water in which the cross deck is going to take place is not agreeable, i.e. USS Okinawa (LPH-3) Landing Platform Helictoper / Amphibious Assault Ship. Early in the Vietnam War, troop Between mid-1965 and late 1966, cargo continued to move primarily by ship. However, as a result of the Vietnam buildup, the actual cargo the Command was required to move totaled 20.9 million measurement tons. Ammunition ships provided much-needed ordnance to ships on the gun line and the. Cargo requirements continued to escalate until a peak of 30.6 million measurement tons was reached in fiscal year 1969. Kilauea (AE4) was acquired by the Navy 14 November 1940 while building by Tampa Shipbuilding Co., Tampa, Fla., as SS Surprise; delivered to Alabama Drydock & Shipbuilding Co., for conversion; and commissioned 16 May 1941, Capt. MSTS ships above and beyond the introduction of a third ship for cross-leveling. Maritime attempted to alleviate the crew shortage problem although the responsibility for providing the necessary crews is that of the general agents. USNS Howze was one of many MSTS ships involved in "Passage This page is not available in other languages. The T-AKE is a dry cargo/ammunition ship that will be operated by the Navy's Military Sealift Command. Ammunition ships of the United States Navy, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Ammunition_ships_of_the_United_States_Navy&oldid=588133497, Auxiliary ships of the United States Navy, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 28 December 2013, at 23:28. The Command maintained that newer ships being added to the fleet are not designed, for the most part, to carry breakbulk type cargo. The single most devastating explosion occurred aboard the Coast Guard-manned cargo ship Serpens. Sea Transportation Service (MSTS) aircraft carrier Windham Bay, by cross-leveling amongst three vice two ammo container ships. By Sea, Air, and Land: An Illustrated History of the U.S. Navy and the War in Southeast Asia, Edward J. Marolda, Washington: Naval Historical the ship was docked at Saigon (French Indochina) 17 hand grenades were The Army has a history of not using all prepo afloat ammo during contingencies and this data can be used to reduce the N.E.W. Returning the next day when the USS BUTTE served her country for 27 years, 5 months and 20 days, until decommissioned on 3 JUN 1996. Both undergo periodic download, inspection and re-load of ammunition in the near future at Military Ocean Terminal Sunny Point (MOTSU) in Wilmington, NC. SEA Express was the name of the program which delivered other Within six seconds, a deeper explosion erupted as the contents of the E.A. Some of the cargo being received by South Vietnam was US Military Aid equipment which became South Vietnam equipment as it was unloaded. These delays within the United States that were caused by crew shortages resulted in additional operating costs of about $49,000.if(typeof ez_ad_units != 'undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[970,90],'globalsecurity_org-banner-1','ezslot_7',135,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-globalsecurity_org-banner-1-0'); Ammunition shipments to Southeast Asia were also delayed considerably as a result of crew shortages. ins.id = slotId + '-asloaded'; Cargo shipped directly to Vietnam, for the most part, was initially received at the Saigon water port or the Tan Son Nhut airport. That ordnance was being picked up by 2004. The overloaded port facilities and the operational necessity to selectively discharge cargo to get high priority cargo ashore before less urgently required items resulted in excessive ship turn-around time which increased the total number of ships required. #ga-ad {display: none;} Six tank landing ships (LST-39, LST-43, LST-69, LST-179, LST-353, LST-480), three tank landing craft (LCT-961, LCT-963, LCT-983), and 17 track landing vehicles (LVTs) are destroyed in explosions and fires. Listing of all warships and submarines used during the Vietnam War. She arrived Subic Bay on 15 May via Pearl Harbor. 38. Ships from United States. But such equipment frequently proved to belong to South Vietnam and the US Army had no authority to move it. Formalized training would be an important element, and certification would be required before a loader was allowed on the docks. May 12, 1975, the SS Mayaguez was seized by Kmer Rouge. The ships were constructed 1968-1972 and were initially commissioned naval ships, carrying a crew of naval personnel. Seattle Times, Seattle WA, 16 Feb 1968 The explosion destroyed 3,000 dwellings, killed more than 1,600 people and injured 9,000. Mount Katmai was involved in normal support operation off the Pacific coast when the Korean War began. She rearmed and replenished combatant ships of TFs 77 and 95 in the Yellow Sea and the Sea of Japan. To view the purposes they believe they have legitimate interest for, or to object to this data processing use the vendor list link below. In cases where shore docking did not occur, the evidence must show that the ship operated in Vietnam's close coastal waters for extended periods, that members of the crew went ashore, or that smaller vessels from the ship went . USS Mindanao (ARG-3) was about 350 yards away. missing in action in Vietnam compiled by Professor Michael Gillen, Pace The Army Watercraft Restructuring Plan (AWRP) also has major implications supporting a significant reduction in N.E.W.. Sealift Magazine, October 1969 The explosion was so severe that it caused extensive damage for miles. After a three-month overhaul period and type training, she left San Francisco on 31 August and arrived back at Subic Bay on 24 September. On the morning of 10 November 1944, while she was moored at the Manus Naval Base, Admiralty Islands, AE 11 Mount Hood's cargo of explosives detonated in a massive blast. were staffed by "civilian" crews, but carried 95% of the supplies On 5 July she was underway for Yankee Station, to rearm carriers and their escorts. USS Pictor (AF-54) [Auxiliary Stores Ship] entered . Each of the services had an inventory control point which controls and distributes that service's ammunition. 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